Filing an Income Tax Return (ITR) is a crucial responsibility for taxpayers in India. The ITR is a form that taxpayers use to report their income, tax deductions, and tax payments to the Income Tax Department. Filing the correct ITR forms is essential to ensure compliance and to avoid any legal consequences. A taxpayer must register his or her ITR Should You File on or before the deadline.
An Income Tax Return (ITR) is a document that taxpayers use to report their earnings, deductions, and tax payments to the Income Tax Department. Filing ITR is mandatory for individuals, businesses, and other entities whose income exceeds the specified threshold. It helps the government assess the amount of tax owed or the refund due to the taxpayer. Filing ITR on time is important to avoid penalties and to carry forward losses that can be set off against future gains.
Choosing the correct ITR form is vital as it ensures that you accurately report your income and claim the appropriate deductions. The Income Tax Department has categorized various forms based on the taxpayer’s type of income, the amount of income, and the entity type (individual, HUF, company, etc.). Filing the wrong form can lead to the rejection of your return or legal complications.
The Income Tax Department has prescribed different ITR forms based on the nature and amount of income. Below are the types of ITR forms:
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The following are the specifics of these ITR modes, including who should use them and who should not:
| ITR | Who can File | Who cannot File |
| ITR 1 | Individuals who meet the criteria for Ordinarily Resident status and have a gross income of up to Rs 50 lakh. Having revenue from the following sources: wages, a single-family residence, and other sources of income up to Rs 5,000; This form often refers to equivalent income earned by a single individual, such as a partner or infant, and combined in the taxpayer’s hands. | Non-residents; Hindu Undivided Family (HUF); Hindu Undivided Family (HUF); Hindu Undivided Family (HUF); Hindu Undivided Family (HUF); Hindu Undivided Family (HUF); Hindu Undivided Residents with a net income of more than Rs 50 lakh regularly; a company’s director; Holding unlisted equity investments; bringing losses forward under the heading of “profits from house property”; Having revenue from sources outside of India and properties located outside of India |
| ITR 2 | Non-residents / Residents but Not Ordinarily Residents / Ordinarily Residents; Non-residents / Residents but Not Ordinarily Residents / Ordinarily Residents / Ordinarily Residents /Undivided Hindu Family; Having a net revenue of over 50 lakh rupees; a company’s director; Investing in stocks that aren’t publicly traded; Having revenue from a variety of sources, including wages, multiple house properties, capital returns, and other sources of income; Having revenue from sources outside of India and properties located outside of India | Individuals / HUFs with a source of income from a company or a career |
| ITR 3 | Individuals and HUFs of commercial or professional income; include partners in a firm. | Individuals or HUFs without a source of commercial or professional profits. |
| ITR 4 | Individuals, HUFs, and firms (other than LLPs) with corporate or technical profits calculated on a “presumed basis.” | A person who serves as a director of a corporation or owns unlisted stock shares. |
| ITR 5 | Anyone who isn’t an entity, a HUF, or a corporation filing an ITR 7 (eg. LLP). | ITR 7 is filed by a person, a HUF, or a corporation. |
| ITR 6 | Except expressly omitted, all businesses. | Companies who seek to be excluded from paying taxes on charitable or religious trust revenue. |
| ITR 7 | A charitable or religious trust, a political group, a science research organization, a news agency, a hospital, a trade union, a university, a college, or other organizations such as an NGO or related organizations are all examples of people. | There is no other kind of taxpayer. |
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Filing the correct ITR forms is essential to ensure compliance with tax laws and to avoid any legal issues. Each ITR form is designed for specific types of income and taxpayer categories. Therefore, it is crucial to understand the types of ITR forms and choose the one that suits your income profile.
If you file the wrong ITR form, your return may be treated as defective, and you may be asked to refile the correct form. Failure to correct this can lead to penalties.
No, ITR 1 can only be filed if you have income from one house property. If you have income from more than one house property, you must file ITR 2.
ITR 4 is for individuals, HUFs, and partnership firms under the presumptive taxation scheme with business income up to Rs 2 crore or professional income up to Rs 50 lakh.
It is not mandatory if your income is below the taxable limit. However, filing ITR is recommended as it serves as proof of income and is required for loan applications, visa processing, etc.
No, ITR 1 is only for resident individuals. NRIs must file ITR 2 or ITR 3 based on their income sources.
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